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Today in History (January 30th,1933)
Following several backroom negotiations – which included industrialists, Hindenburg’s son Oskar, the former chancellor Franz von Papen, and Hitler – Hindenburg acquiesced and on 30 January 1933, he formally appointed Adolf Hitler as Germany’s new chancellor.
Let’s Revise
Q.1) What is Lezim, also known as lazium?
A) A type of food from Maharashtra
B) A traditional folk dance
C) A type of clothing worn during festivals
D) A form of martial art
Answer: B)
Explanation: Lezim, or lazium, is a traditional folk dance from Maharashtra, and it gets its name from the musical instrument used during the performance.
Q.2) What was the original purpose of Lezim dance?
A) To celebrate weddings
B) To entertain royalty
C) As a physical training exercise for Maratha warriors
D) To mark the harvest season
Answer: C)
Explanation: Lezim was originally practiced by Maratha warriors as part of their physical training to build strength and endurance.
Q.3) When is Lezim typically performed today?
A) During Diwali celebrations
B) During the Ganesha procession
C) During wedding ceremonies
D) During harvest festivals
Answer: B)
Explanation: Although Lezim was once performed in various folk dances, it is now mostly seen during the Ganesha procession.
Q.4) Who was Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj?
A) A general in the Maratha army
B) The younger brother of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
C) The elder son of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
D) A Mughal emperor
Answer: C)
Explanation: Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj was the elder son of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and ascended the throne after a battle for succession.
Q.5) During whose reign did Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj rule?
A) Akbar
B) Aurangzeb
C) Babur
D) Jahangir
Answer: B)
Explanation: Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj’s reign coincided with the rule of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, which led to numerous confrontations between the Marathas and the Mughals.
Q.6) What is tidal flooding?
A) Flooding caused by rain
B) Flooding caused by snowmelt
C) Flooding caused by high tides in coastal regions
D) Flooding caused by tsunamis
Answer: C)
Explanation: Tidal flooding, also known as “nuisance flooding,” occurs when high tides cause water levels to rise, inundating low-lying coastal regions.
Q.7) Which of the following is NOT a cause of tidal flooding?
A) Changes in wind patterns
B) Shifts in ocean currents
C) Distant Earthquakes
D) Strong tidal forces
Answer: C)
Explanation: Tidal flooding is caused by changes in wind patterns, shifts in ocean currents, and strong tidal forces, not by distant earthquakes.
Q.8) What are the potential consequences of tidal flooding?
A) It has no impact on infrastructure
B) It can accelerate coastal erosion and contaminate freshwater sources
C) It only affects fish populations
D) It results in more sunshine in the region
Answer: B)
Explanation: Tidal flooding disrupts daily life, accelerates coastal erosion, damages infrastructure, and contaminates freshwater sources with saltwater.
Q.9) How is tidal flooding expected to change in the future?
A) It will disappear as sea levels decrease
B) It will become more frequent and intense
C) It will only occur in small regions
D) It will be less severe due to global warming
Answer: B)
Explanation: As sea levels rise due to climate change, tidal flooding is expected to become more frequent and intense, causing greater disruption.
Summary of Today’s News
Padma Shri to Libia Lobo Sardesai
In the News:
Libia Lobo Sardesai, a 100-year-old freedom fighter, was recently honored with the Padma Shri for her significant contributions to Goa’s liberation movement.
About Libia Lobo Sardesai
Early Life & Inspiration:
Born on May 25, 1924, in Goa, which was then under Portuguese rule, Libia grew up in Mumbai. During her college years, she became deeply involved in the nationalist movement for Goa’s independence.
Contribution to Goa’s Liberation:
Underground Radio Station (1955-1961):
Libia, along with her partner Vaman Sardesai, ran an underground radio station called ‘Voice of Freedom of Goa’. The station played a critical role in countering Portuguese propaganda and keeping the people of Goa informed about the liberation struggle.
Enduring Hardships:
Operating from the remote jungles of Amboli and Castle Rock, Libia faced difficult conditions, including isolation and constant threats from Portuguese authorities. Despite these challenges, she remained dedicated to the cause.
Historic Announcement:
On December 19, 1961, Libia made a historic announcement over the airwaves in both Portuguese and Konkani, flying over Panaji in an Indian Air Force plane to declare Goa’s liberation.
Post-Independence Contributions:
• Libia was appointed as the first Director of Tourism for Goa, Daman, and Diu, where she played a pivotal role in shaping the region’s tourism industry.
• She also became Goa’s first female practicing lawyer, breaking gender barriers in a male-dominated field.
• She founded the Women’s Cooperative Bank, an initiative aimed at promoting financial independence among women.
Key Events in the Liberation Struggle
1954 Economic Blockade:
India imposed an economic blockade on Goa, cutting off Portuguese access to vital resources, as part of the strategy to exert pressure for Goa’s liberation.
Operation Vijay (1961):
On December 17, 1961, India launched Operation Vijay, a military operation led by Lt. Gen. J.N. Chaudhuri. After 48 hours of intense action, the Portuguese forces surrendered on December 19, 1961, bringing Goa under Indian control and ending centuries of colonial rule.
DeepSeek AI: China’s New AI Contender
Context:
China has introduced its own AI models, DeepSeek-V3 and DeepSeek-R1, which are quickly making a name for themselves as serious competitors on the global AI stage, performing similarly to ChatGPT and other top AI systems.
What is DeepSeek?
DeepSeek is a free AI-powered chatbot created by a Chinese AI company founded by entrepreneur Liang Wenfeng.
What Makes DeepSeek Different?
• Lower Cost: DeepSeek was developed at a fraction of the cost compared to industry leaders like OpenAI’s models, largely because it uses less advanced chips.
• Censorship Layer: The base model, DeepSeek-R1, has been trained using accurate sources but also includes a layer of censorship, likely reflecting China’s tighter control over information.
• Surpassing the Competition: In terms of overall quality, DeepSeek outperforms models from major tech companies like Google, Meta, and Anthropic.
• Speed and Practicality: DeepSeek is faster than GPT-4 and, according to many experts, is more practical for daily use. It also seems to have a better grasp of regional idioms and cultural nuances, making it more attuned to local contexts than some Western models.
